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Len SassamanLen Sassaman (1980–2011) was a prominent American technologist, information privacy advocate, and a key figure in the cypherpunk movement. He is recognized for his significant contributions to cryptography and digital privacy protocols, and speculation exists that he may have been the anonymous creator of Bitcoin, Satoshi Nakamoto.  Key Contributions and Career Cryptography and Privacy: Sassaman was a strong advocate for using cryptography to protect individual freedoms in the digital age. He worked with Phil Zimmermann on the development of the widely used Pretty Good Privacy (PGP) encryption software and its update, GNU Privacy Guard.Mixmaster: One of his major contributions was serving as the lead maintainer and operator of the Mixmaster anonymous remailer code, a system designed to send untraceable messages by stripping original headers and routing messages through multiple intermediaries.Internet Standards: At just 18 years old, he joined the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) and contributed to the development of the fundamental TCP/IP protocol.Conferences and Research: He co-founded CodeCon, an annual conference for tech enthusiasts, and the HotPETS workshop, which focused on privacy-enhancing technologies. He was also a doctoral student at the Katholieke Universiteit Leuven in Belgium, where he researched under notable cryptographers David Chaum and Bart Preneel.  The Satoshi Nakamoto Theory Due to his extensive expertise in cryptography, anonymity networks, and his sudden death coinciding with the end of Satoshi Nakamoto's online activity, many have speculated that Sassaman was the creator of Bitcoin. Circumstantial evidence supporting this theory includes:  Expertise: He possessed the technical knowledge and community connections to create Bitcoin.Timing: Nakamoto went silent two months before Sassaman's suicide in July 2011.Memorial: A tribute to Sassaman, encoded by his friend Dan Kaminsky, is permanently embedded in Bitcoin block 138,725.  Despite the speculation, his wife, Meredith L. Patterson, has stated that she does not believe her husband was Satoshi Nakamoto. His influence on modern digital privacy and security is considered foundational, regardless of the speculation. 

Len Sassaman

Len Sassaman
(1980–2011) was a prominent American technologist, information privacy advocate, and a key figure in the cypherpunk movement. He is recognized for his significant contributions to cryptography and digital privacy protocols, and speculation exists that he may have been the anonymous creator of Bitcoin, Satoshi Nakamoto. 
Key Contributions and Career
Cryptography and Privacy: Sassaman was a strong advocate for using cryptography to protect individual freedoms in the digital age. He worked with Phil Zimmermann on the development of the widely used Pretty Good Privacy (PGP) encryption software and its update, GNU Privacy Guard.Mixmaster: One of his major contributions was serving as the lead maintainer and operator of the Mixmaster anonymous remailer code, a system designed to send untraceable messages by stripping original headers and routing messages through multiple intermediaries.Internet Standards: At just 18 years old, he joined the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) and contributed to the development of the fundamental TCP/IP protocol.Conferences and Research: He co-founded CodeCon, an annual conference for tech enthusiasts, and the HotPETS workshop, which focused on privacy-enhancing technologies. He was also a doctoral student at the Katholieke Universiteit Leuven in Belgium, where he researched under notable cryptographers David Chaum and Bart Preneel. 
The Satoshi Nakamoto Theory
Due to his extensive expertise in cryptography, anonymity networks, and his sudden death coinciding with the end of Satoshi Nakamoto's online activity, many have speculated that Sassaman was the creator of Bitcoin. Circumstantial evidence supporting this theory includes: 
Expertise: He possessed the technical knowledge and community connections to create Bitcoin.Timing: Nakamoto went silent two months before Sassaman's suicide in July 2011.Memorial: A tribute to Sassaman, encoded by his friend Dan Kaminsky, is permanently embedded in Bitcoin block 138,725. 
Despite the speculation, his wife, Meredith L. Patterson, has stated that she does not believe her husband was Satoshi Nakamoto. His influence on modern digital privacy and security is considered foundational, regardless of the speculation. 
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Skatīt oriģinālu
Harold Thomas Finney II bija amerikāņu programmatūras izstrādātājs. Savas karjeras sākumā viņš tika atzīts par galveno izstrādātāju vairākām konsoles spēlēm. Vēlāk viņš strādāja PGP Corporation. Viņš bija agrs Bitcoin līdzdalībnieks un saņēma pirmo Bitcoin darījumu no valūtas radītāja Satoshi Nakamoto. Par Dzimis: 4. maijs 1956, Coalinga, Kalifornija, Amerikas Savienotās Valstis Miris: 28. augusts 2014 (58 gadi), Skotsdeila, Arizona, Amerikas Savienotās Valstis Izglītība: Kalifornijas Tehnoloģiju institūts (1979), Arcadia vidusskola Nacionalitāte: amerikānis Pazīstams ar: Pirmais Bitcoin saņēmējs Atpūtas vieta: Krio saglabāts Alcor dzīvības pagarināšanas fondā
Harold Thomas Finney II bija amerikāņu programmatūras izstrādātājs. Savas karjeras sākumā viņš tika atzīts par galveno izstrādātāju vairākām konsoles spēlēm. Vēlāk viņš strādāja PGP Corporation. Viņš bija agrs Bitcoin līdzdalībnieks un saņēma pirmo Bitcoin darījumu no valūtas radītāja Satoshi Nakamoto.
Par
Dzimis: 4. maijs 1956, Coalinga, Kalifornija, Amerikas Savienotās Valstis
Miris: 28. augusts 2014 (58 gadi), Skotsdeila, Arizona, Amerikas Savienotās Valstis
Izglītība: Kalifornijas Tehnoloģiju institūts (1979), Arcadia vidusskola
Nacionalitāte: amerikānis
Pazīstams ar: Pirmais Bitcoin saņēmējs
Atpūtas vieta: Krio saglabāts Alcor dzīvības pagarināšanas fondā
Skatīt oriģinālu
Vizualizējot pasaules parāda stāvokli 2025. gadā 2025. gada beigās globālais parāds svārstās ap 346 triljoniem dolāru, kas veido aptuveni 310% no pasaules IKP, ar lieliem ieguldījumiem no attīstītajām valstīm, piemēram, ASV un Japānas, jo valdības, uzņēmumi un mājsaimniecības turpina palielināt aizņēmumus, radot ievērojamus refinansēšanas riskus un pieaugošas procentu izmaksas. Galvenie cipari & tendences: Kopējais parāds: sasniedzis gandrīz 346 triljonus dolāru līdz 2025. gada septembrim, saskaņā ar Starptautiskās finansēšanas institūtu (IIF). Parāda un IKP attiecība: ap 310%, stabila attiecība, bet rekordaugstā līmenī. Iemesli: palielināta valdības aizņemšanās (pēc pandēmijas, infrastruktūra), korporatīvie ieguldījumi un mājsaimniecību finansējums mājokļiem un izglītībai. Riska faktors: augstākas procentu likmes nozīmē augstākas izmaksas par šī parāda apkalpošanu, ar ievērojamiem apjomiem, kas beidzas nākamo dažus gadu laikā. Sadalījums pa sektoriem (aptuveni): Valdības parāds: vairāk nekā 100 triljoni dolāru publiskajam parādam vien, ar attīstītajām ekonomikām, kas saskaras ar augstām attiecībām (ASV ~120-123%, Japāna ~236%, utt.). Korporatīvais & mājsaimniecību parāds: arī ievērojams, veidojot lielāko globālo skaitli. Konteksts: parāds ļauj tērēt pāri tūlītējiem ienākumiem, finansējot izaugsmi un krīzes, bet tā apmērs rada bažas par ilgtspējību un nākotnes ekonomisko stabilitāti.
Vizualizējot pasaules parāda stāvokli 2025. gadā
2025. gada beigās globālais parāds svārstās ap 346 triljoniem dolāru, kas veido aptuveni 310% no pasaules IKP, ar lieliem ieguldījumiem no attīstītajām valstīm, piemēram, ASV un Japānas, jo valdības, uzņēmumi un mājsaimniecības turpina palielināt aizņēmumus, radot ievērojamus refinansēšanas riskus un pieaugošas procentu izmaksas.
Galvenie cipari & tendences:
Kopējais parāds: sasniedzis gandrīz 346 triljonus dolāru līdz 2025. gada septembrim, saskaņā ar Starptautiskās finansēšanas institūtu (IIF).
Parāda un IKP attiecība: ap 310%, stabila attiecība, bet rekordaugstā līmenī.
Iemesli: palielināta valdības aizņemšanās (pēc pandēmijas, infrastruktūra), korporatīvie ieguldījumi un mājsaimniecību finansējums mājokļiem un izglītībai.
Riska faktors: augstākas procentu likmes nozīmē augstākas izmaksas par šī parāda apkalpošanu, ar ievērojamiem apjomiem, kas beidzas nākamo dažus gadu laikā.
Sadalījums pa sektoriem (aptuveni):
Valdības parāds: vairāk nekā 100 triljoni dolāru publiskajam parādam vien, ar attīstītajām ekonomikām, kas saskaras ar augstām attiecībām (ASV ~120-123%, Japāna ~236%, utt.).
Korporatīvais & mājsaimniecību parāds: arī ievērojams, veidojot lielāko globālo skaitli.
Konteksts: parāds ļauj tērēt pāri tūlītējiem ienākumiem, finansējot izaugsmi un krīzes, bet tā apmērs rada bažas par ilgtspējību un nākotnes ekonomisko stabilitāti.
Tulkot
Global markets are generally falling today (December 12, 2025) due to investors reacting to high interest rate signals from the US Federal Reserve, growing worries about AI stock valuations, potential weakening of US-China trade relations, significant profit-booking after recent rallies, and concerns over specific sectors like tech and real estate, leading to broad risk-off sentiment. Key Factors Driving the Decline: Higher-for-Longer Interest Rates: Comments or data suggesting the Fed might keep rates elevated longer than anticipated dampens investor enthusiasm, making borrowing costlier for companies and reducing stock appeal. AI Hype Cools: After a strong run, some investors are taking profits and questioning the extreme valuations of AI-related stocks, causing a sector pullback. Geopolitical & Trade Uncertainty: Lingering US-China trade tensions and policy unpredictability create market jitters, especially for global supply chains. Inflation & Economic Data: Stronger-than-expected economic data can push yields up, signaling persistent inflation and prompting rate hike fears, while upcoming inflation reports (like PCE) create anticipation and volatility. Profit-Booking & Expiry: Ahead of major options/futures (F&O) expirations, investors often sell existing holdings to lock in profits, adding downward pressure. Sector-Specific Weakness: Weak guidance from major tech companies (like Meta) or slowing performance in key areas like Chinese semiconductor stocks can drag down broader indices. In essence, it's a mix of macroeconomic caution (rates, inflation) and profit-taking after a strong market run, amplified by global uncertainties.
Global markets are generally falling today (December 12, 2025) due to investors reacting to high interest rate signals from the US Federal Reserve, growing worries about AI stock valuations, potential weakening of US-China trade relations, significant profit-booking after recent rallies, and concerns over specific sectors like tech and real estate, leading to broad risk-off sentiment.
Key Factors Driving the Decline:
Higher-for-Longer Interest Rates: Comments or data suggesting the Fed might keep rates elevated longer than anticipated dampens investor enthusiasm, making borrowing costlier for companies and reducing stock appeal.
AI Hype Cools: After a strong run, some investors are taking profits and questioning the extreme valuations of AI-related stocks, causing a sector pullback.
Geopolitical & Trade Uncertainty: Lingering US-China trade tensions and policy unpredictability create market jitters, especially for global supply chains.
Inflation & Economic Data: Stronger-than-expected economic data can push yields up, signaling persistent inflation and prompting rate hike fears, while upcoming inflation reports (like PCE) create anticipation and volatility.
Profit-Booking & Expiry: Ahead of major options/futures (F&O) expirations, investors often sell existing holdings to lock in profits, adding downward pressure.
Sector-Specific Weakness: Weak guidance from major tech companies (like Meta) or slowing performance in key areas like Chinese semiconductor stocks can drag down broader indices. In essence, it's a mix of macroeconomic caution (rates, inflation) and profit-taking after a strong market run, amplified by global uncertainties.
Tulkot
The Ukraine war became the first major conflict heavily involving cryptocurrency, serving as a double-edged sword: Ukraine used it for massive global fundraising (hundreds of millions for defense) due to its speed and decentralization, while Russian-aligned groups used it to evade sanctions and fund war efforts. It highlighted crypto's potential as a financial tool and geopolitical asset, prompting global calls for stronger regulation to curb its use in conflict financing and sanction evasion, with studies showing mixed impacts on crypto markets, sometimes acting as a hedge. Ukraine's Use of Crypto Rapid Fundraising: Ukraine raised over $200 million in crypto for defense, buying gear, drones, and medical supplies, bypassing traditional banking hurdles. Direct Government Support: The Ukrainian government directly solicited and received crypto donations via social media. Decentralization: Crypto's decentralized nature enabled quick, borderless transfers, crucial for wartime funding. Russia's Use of Crypto Sanction Evasion: Russian militia groups and hackers used digital currencies to circumvent international sanctions. Funding Militias: Funds were used to purchase supplies and support training for Russian-affiliated forces. Market & Regulatory Impact Geopolitical Tool: The conflict showed crypto's power as a geopolitical instrument, not just a financial one. Regulatory Scrutiny: Global bodies like the IMF and FATF called for stricter crypto regulations to prevent use in financing conflicts and sanctions. Market Volatility: Research showed mixed effects, with some negative war events leading to positive crypto returns, suggesting potential as a hedge or safe haven, similar to gold. Supply Chain & Sanctions: Some crypto-related companies halted operations in Russia, affecting access to hardware like cold wallets. Key Takeaway The Russia-Ukraine war demonstrated cryptocurrency's significant, complex role in modern conflict, transforming it into a vital asset for both humanitarian aid/defense and illicit financing, pushing regulators to address its vulnerabilities.
The Ukraine war became the first major conflict heavily involving cryptocurrency, serving as a double-edged sword: Ukraine used it for massive global fundraising (hundreds of millions for defense) due to its speed and decentralization, while Russian-aligned groups used it to evade sanctions and fund war efforts. It highlighted crypto's potential as a financial tool and geopolitical asset, prompting global calls for stronger regulation to curb its use in conflict financing and sanction evasion, with studies showing mixed impacts on crypto markets, sometimes acting as a hedge.
Ukraine's Use of Crypto
Rapid Fundraising: Ukraine raised over $200 million in crypto for defense, buying gear, drones, and medical supplies, bypassing traditional banking hurdles.
Direct Government Support: The Ukrainian government directly solicited and received crypto donations via social media.
Decentralization: Crypto's decentralized nature enabled quick, borderless transfers, crucial for wartime funding.
Russia's Use of Crypto
Sanction Evasion: Russian militia groups and hackers used digital currencies to circumvent international sanctions.
Funding Militias: Funds were used to purchase supplies and support training for Russian-affiliated forces.
Market & Regulatory Impact
Geopolitical Tool: The conflict showed crypto's power as a geopolitical instrument, not just a financial one.
Regulatory Scrutiny: Global bodies like the IMF and FATF called for stricter crypto regulations to prevent use in financing conflicts and sanctions.
Market Volatility: Research showed mixed effects, with some negative war events leading to positive crypto returns, suggesting potential as a hedge or safe haven, similar to gold.
Supply Chain & Sanctions: Some crypto-related companies halted operations in Russia, affecting access to hardware like cold wallets.
Key Takeaway
The Russia-Ukraine war demonstrated cryptocurrency's significant, complex role in modern conflict, transforming it into a vital asset for both humanitarian aid/defense and illicit financing, pushing regulators to address its vulnerabilities.
Skatīt oriģinālu
Gan Krievijas-Ukrainas karš, gan tarifu īstenošana parasti rada īstermiņa negatīvu ietekmi un palielinātu svārstīgumu kriptovalūtu tirgū, taču ilgtermiņā tie dažkārt var veicināt kriptovalūtu pieņemšanu kā potenciālu aizsardzību pret fiat valūtas devalvāciju un ekonomisko nestabilitāti. Krievijas-Ukrainas kara ietekme Krievijas-Ukrainas karš ir radījis sarežģītu, lielā mērā negatīvu, taču arī transformējošu efektu uz kriptovalūtu tirgu: Palielināta svārstīgums un negatīvie ienākumi: Sākotnējā iebrukuma laikā 2022. gada februārī radās ievērojams tirgus svārstīgums un straujš galveno kriptovalūtu, piemēram, Bitcoin un Ethereum, cenu kritums, jo investori attālinājās no riskantākiem aktīviem. Drošā patvēruma neskaidrība: Lai gan daži investori cerēja, ka kriptovalūta darbosies kā "drošs patvērums" kā zelta, krīzes sākumā tā lielā mērā korelēja ar tradicionālajiem akciju tirgiem un nekavējoties neparādīja drošā patvēruma raksturlielumus. Humānā palīdzība un sankciju apietšana: Konflikts izcēla praktiskus kriptovalūtu izmantošanas gadījumus, piemēram, ātras starptautiskās humānās palīdzības nodrošināšanu Ukrainai un, pretēji, to, ka daži krievi to izmantoja, lai apietu ekonomiskās sankcijas, kas noveda pie palielinātiem tirdzniecības apjomiem abās valstīs. Ilgtermiņa noturība/pozitīvie ienākumi: Dažas vēlākās pētījumi, izmantojot datus līdz 2023. gada septembrim, liecina par ievērojamu pozitīvu attiecību starp kara indeksu un kriptovalūtu ienākumiem, norādot uz aktīvu klases potenciālu diversifikācijai un noturībai ilgstošas ģeopolitiskās nemierīguma laikā. Tarifu ietekme, kā makroekonomiskās politikas forma, netieši ietekmē kriptovalūtu tirgu galvenokārt caur palielinātu tirgus nenoteiktību un to ietekmi uz operacionālajiem izdevumiem: Īstermiņa svārstīgums un cenu kritumi: Jaunu tarifu paziņojumi, piemēram, tie, kas saistīti ar 2025. gada sākumu, ir izraisījuši ievērojamas lejupslīdes kriptovalūtu tirgū, jo investori parasti kļūst risku izvairīgi un pārdod spekulatīvos aktīvus, piemēram, kriptovalūtas globālo tirdzniecības spriedzes laikā. Inflācija un procentu likmes: Tarifi var novest pie augstākām cenām importētajiem precēm, maksājumiem.
Gan Krievijas-Ukrainas karš, gan tarifu īstenošana parasti rada īstermiņa negatīvu ietekmi un palielinātu svārstīgumu kriptovalūtu tirgū, taču ilgtermiņā tie dažkārt var veicināt kriptovalūtu pieņemšanu kā potenciālu aizsardzību pret fiat valūtas devalvāciju un ekonomisko nestabilitāti.
Krievijas-Ukrainas kara ietekme
Krievijas-Ukrainas karš ir radījis sarežģītu, lielā mērā negatīvu, taču arī transformējošu efektu uz kriptovalūtu tirgu:
Palielināta svārstīgums un negatīvie ienākumi: Sākotnējā iebrukuma laikā 2022. gada februārī radās ievērojams tirgus svārstīgums un straujš galveno kriptovalūtu, piemēram, Bitcoin un Ethereum, cenu kritums, jo investori attālinājās no riskantākiem aktīviem. Drošā patvēruma neskaidrība: Lai gan daži investori cerēja, ka kriptovalūta darbosies kā "drošs patvērums" kā zelta, krīzes sākumā tā lielā mērā korelēja ar tradicionālajiem akciju tirgiem un nekavējoties neparādīja drošā patvēruma raksturlielumus.
Humānā palīdzība un sankciju apietšana: Konflikts izcēla praktiskus kriptovalūtu izmantošanas gadījumus, piemēram, ātras starptautiskās humānās palīdzības nodrošināšanu Ukrainai un, pretēji, to, ka daži krievi to izmantoja, lai apietu ekonomiskās sankcijas, kas noveda pie palielinātiem tirdzniecības apjomiem abās valstīs. Ilgtermiņa noturība/pozitīvie ienākumi: Dažas vēlākās pētījumi, izmantojot datus līdz 2023. gada septembrim, liecina par ievērojamu pozitīvu attiecību starp kara indeksu un kriptovalūtu ienākumiem, norādot uz aktīvu klases potenciālu diversifikācijai un noturībai ilgstošas ģeopolitiskās nemierīguma laikā. Tarifu ietekme, kā makroekonomiskās politikas forma, netieši ietekmē kriptovalūtu tirgu galvenokārt caur palielinātu tirgus nenoteiktību un to ietekmi uz operacionālajiem izdevumiem:
Īstermiņa svārstīgums un cenu kritumi: Jaunu tarifu paziņojumi, piemēram, tie, kas saistīti ar 2025. gada sākumu, ir izraisījuši ievērojamas lejupslīdes kriptovalūtu tirgū, jo investori parasti kļūst risku izvairīgi un pārdod spekulatīvos aktīvus, piemēram, kriptovalūtas globālo tirdzniecības spriedzes laikā. Inflācija un procentu likmes: Tarifi var novest pie augstākām cenām importētajiem precēm, maksājumiem.
Tulkot
#BTCVSGOLD Gold has significantly outperformed Bitcoin over the last six months, driven by economic uncertainty and inflation concerns. As of early December 2025, gold's price has increased by over 26% since June 2025, while Bitcoin's price has experienced a decrease of over 8% in USD. Performance Comparison Gold has seen a steady rise, reaching new highs. Bitcoin has experienced significant volatility and a notable downturn in November 2025. Asset Price (June 9, 2025) Price (Dec 4-5, 2025) % Change (Approx) Gold (USD per oz) $3,354.90 $4,235.40 +26.25% Bitcoin (USD) Approx. $90,633 Approx. $83,000 -8.4% Market Drivers Gold: Prices have been fueled by ongoing inflation and economic uncertainty, leading investors to diversify into safe-haven assets. Bitcoin: The cryptocurrency has tumbled into a bear market recently, with some analysts from JPMorgan suggesting its price direction near-term might depend on large holders' resilience. Despite the recent drop, some price predictions for the next 6-12 months are high.
#BTCVSGOLD
Gold has significantly outperformed Bitcoin over the last six months, driven by economic uncertainty and inflation concerns. As of early December 2025, gold's price has increased by over 26% since June 2025, while Bitcoin's price has experienced a decrease of over 8% in USD.
Performance Comparison
Gold has seen a steady rise, reaching new highs. Bitcoin has experienced significant volatility and a notable downturn in November 2025.
Asset Price (June 9, 2025) Price (Dec 4-5, 2025) % Change (Approx)
Gold (USD per oz) $3,354.90 $4,235.40 +26.25%
Bitcoin (USD) Approx. $90,633 Approx. $83,000 -8.4%
Market Drivers
Gold: Prices have been fueled by ongoing inflation and economic uncertainty, leading investors to diversify into safe-haven assets.
Bitcoin: The cryptocurrency has tumbled into a bear market recently, with some analysts from JPMorgan suggesting its price direction near-term might depend on large holders' resilience. Despite the recent drop, some price predictions for the next 6-12 months are high.
Tulkot
PGP (Pretty Good Privacy)Philip R. Zimmermann is an American computer scientist and cryptographer. He is the creator of Pretty Good Privacy, the most widely used email encryption software in the world. He is also known for his work in VoIP encryption protocols, notably ZRTP and Zfone. Phil Zimmermann is an American computer scientist and cryptographer widely recognized as the creator of Pretty Good Privacy (PGP), the most used software for email encryption. His work has been pivotal in the fight for digital privacy and has earned him numerous awards. Key Contributions and Career Pretty Good Privacy (PGP): In 1991, motivated by a proposed bill that would have mandated government "back doors" in all communication systems, Zimmermann developed and released PGP for free to the public. It was the first widely available program to implement public-key cryptography, a move intended to democratize online privacy for ordinary people and human rights activists worldwide. "Crypto Wars": The international distribution of PGP, which used an encryption key length considered a "munition" under U.S. export law at the time, led to a three-year criminal investigation by the U.S. government. The case was eventually dropped without indictment in 1996, and the ensuing legal battles helped establish that software code is a form of speech protected by the First Amendment. Silent Circle: Zimmermann co-founded Silent Circle in 2012, a secure communications company offering encrypted hardware and subscription software. VoIP Encryption: He is also known for developing the ZRTP protocol and the related Zfone software for secure Voice over IP (VoIP) encryption. "Zimmermann's Law": He famously stated, "The natural flow of technology tends to move in the direction of making surveillance easier," a concept often referred to as "Zimmermann's Law". Recognition Zimmermann has received many technical and humanitarian awards, including: The Electronic Frontier Foundation (EFF) Pioneer Award in 1995. Induction into the Internet Hall of Fame in 2012. An honorary doctorate from the Université libre de Bruxelles in 2016. More information is available on Phil Zimmermann's official website, philzimmermann.com.

PGP (Pretty Good Privacy)

Philip R. Zimmermann is an American computer scientist and cryptographer. He is the creator of Pretty Good Privacy, the most widely used email encryption software in the world. He is also known for his work in VoIP encryption protocols, notably ZRTP and Zfone.
Phil Zimmermann is an American computer scientist and cryptographer widely recognized as the creator of Pretty Good Privacy (PGP), the most used software for email encryption. His work has been pivotal in the fight for digital privacy and has earned him numerous awards.
Key Contributions and Career
Pretty Good Privacy (PGP): In 1991, motivated by a proposed bill that would have mandated government "back doors" in all communication systems, Zimmermann developed and released PGP for free to the public. It was the first widely available program to implement public-key cryptography, a move intended to democratize online privacy for ordinary people and human rights activists worldwide.
"Crypto Wars": The international distribution of PGP, which used an encryption key length considered a "munition" under U.S. export law at the time, led to a three-year criminal investigation by the U.S. government. The case was eventually dropped without indictment in 1996, and the ensuing legal battles helped establish that software code is a form of speech protected by the First Amendment.
Silent Circle: Zimmermann co-founded Silent Circle in 2012, a secure communications company offering encrypted hardware and subscription software.
VoIP Encryption: He is also known for developing the ZRTP protocol and the related Zfone software for secure Voice over IP (VoIP) encryption.
"Zimmermann's Law": He famously stated, "The natural flow of technology tends to move in the direction of making surveillance easier," a concept often referred to as "Zimmermann's Law".
Recognition
Zimmermann has received many technical and humanitarian awards, including:
The Electronic Frontier Foundation (EFF) Pioneer Award in 1995.
Induction into the Internet Hall of Fame in 2012.
An honorary doctorate from the Université libre de Bruxelles in 2016.
More information is available on Phil Zimmermann's official website, philzimmermann.com.
Tulkot
Satoshi Era whale bought 385,000 $ETH worth of $1.3billion.
Satoshi Era whale bought 385,000 $ETH worth of $1.3billion.
Tulkot
Top crypto coins and their founders
Top crypto coins and their founders
Tulkot
Honeypot"A honeypot" in crypto is a scam designed to attract investors with seemingly high profits but contains malicious code that prevents victims from withdrawing their funds. These fraudulent schemes exploit technical vulnerabilities and psychological factors like greed to steal assets. Once trapped, the scammers can drain all the collected funds and disappear.  How a crypto honeypot scam works Honeypot scams can take several forms, including fake tokens, wallets, or exchanges, but they generally follow a similar pattern:  The setup: A malicious smart contract is deployed, appearing legitimate but with hidden code that restricts transactions for certain wallets.The bait: Scammers promote the project through social media, fake endorsements, or promises of high returns to attract investors.The trap: Victims deposit funds or buy the token. When they try to sell or withdraw their assets, the malicious code in the smart contract blocks the transaction, locking their funds.Automated theft: Automated scripts, known as "sweeper bots," can instantly transfer any funds sent to a compromised wallet, ensuring the scammer gets the assets.The exit scam: After collecting enough funds, the scammers drain the liquidity pool, vanish from social media, and abandon the project, leaving investors with worthless tokens.  How to spot a crypto honeypot Vigilance and research are key to identifying and avoiding honeypots. Look out for the following red flags:  Unrealistic promises: Be cautious of any project offering guaranteed or unusually high returns with minimal effort.Suspicious wallet activity: Use a blockchain explorer like Etherscan to check the token's transaction history. A major red flag is a lack of "sell" transactions or a pattern where incoming funds are immediately transferred out.Lack of transparency: Avoid projects with anonymous teams or those that have not been audited by a reputable security firm.Unusual token behavior: Monitor the token's trading behavior. An "all-green" chart with no sell transactions is a clear indicator of a honeypot.Limited withdrawals: Test selling a small amount of the token first. If it is restricted or impossible to sell, it is likely a honeypot.Pressure tactics: Scammers often create a sense of urgency to pressure investors into making quick decisions.Honeypot detection tools: Use tools like Token Sniffer and HoneypotDetector to analyze a smart contract before investing. 

Honeypot

"A honeypot" in crypto is a scam designed to attract investors with seemingly high profits but contains malicious code that prevents victims from withdrawing their funds. These fraudulent schemes exploit technical vulnerabilities and psychological factors like greed to steal assets. Once trapped, the scammers can drain all the collected funds and disappear. 
How a crypto honeypot scam works
Honeypot scams can take several forms, including fake tokens, wallets, or exchanges, but they generally follow a similar pattern: 
The setup: A malicious smart contract is deployed, appearing legitimate but with hidden code that restricts transactions for certain wallets.The bait: Scammers promote the project through social media, fake endorsements, or promises of high returns to attract investors.The trap: Victims deposit funds or buy the token. When they try to sell or withdraw their assets, the malicious code in the smart contract blocks the transaction, locking their funds.Automated theft: Automated scripts, known as "sweeper bots," can instantly transfer any funds sent to a compromised wallet, ensuring the scammer gets the assets.The exit scam: After collecting enough funds, the scammers drain the liquidity pool, vanish from social media, and abandon the project, leaving investors with worthless tokens. 
How to spot a crypto honeypot
Vigilance and research are key to identifying and avoiding honeypots. Look out for the following red flags: 
Unrealistic promises: Be cautious of any project offering guaranteed or unusually high returns with minimal effort.Suspicious wallet activity: Use a blockchain explorer like Etherscan to check the token's transaction history. A major red flag is a lack of "sell" transactions or a pattern where incoming funds are immediately transferred out.Lack of transparency: Avoid projects with anonymous teams or those that have not been audited by a reputable security firm.Unusual token behavior: Monitor the token's trading behavior. An "all-green" chart with no sell transactions is a clear indicator of a honeypot.Limited withdrawals: Test selling a small amount of the token first. If it is restricted or impossible to sell, it is likely a honeypot.Pressure tactics: Scammers often create a sense of urgency to pressure investors into making quick decisions.Honeypot detection tools: Use tools like Token Sniffer and HoneypotDetector to analyze a smart contract before investing. 
Tulkot
$BTC BLACKROCK IS SELLING $BTC BINANCE IS SELLING $BTC WINTERMUTE IS SELLING $BTC THEY’VE DUMPED OVER $1 BILLION AND KEEP SELLING NON-STOP DON’T GET SHAKEN OUT - THIS IS PURE MANIPULATION!
$BTC

BLACKROCK IS SELLING $BTC
BINANCE IS SELLING $BTC
WINTERMUTE IS SELLING $BTC

THEY’VE DUMPED OVER $1 BILLION AND KEEP SELLING NON-STOP

DON’T GET SHAKEN OUT - THIS IS PURE MANIPULATION!
Skatīt oriģinālu
Nick Szabo, datorspeciālists un kriptogrāfs, tiek plaši uzskatīts par iespējamu kandidātu Bitcoin radītāja, Satoshi Nakamoto, dēļ viņa pionieru darba pie "Bit Gold," Bitcoin priekšgājēja. Tomēr Szabo atkārtoti ir noliedzis, ka būtu Nakamoto, un nav pieejamu pārliecinošu pierādījumu. Galvenie fakti par Nick Szabo saistību ar Bitcoin: Bit Gold: 1998. gadā Szabo izstrādāja "Bit Gold," decentralizētu digitālo valūtu, kas ietvēra vairākus pamatprincipus, kas vēlāk tika atrasti Bitcoin, piemēram, darba pierādīšanas sistēmu digitālās retuma radīšanai. Viņš pat ievietoja lūgumu palīdzēt to kodēt 2008. gadā, tieši sešus mēnešus pirms Bitcoin baltā papīra publicēšanas. Konceptuālā saskaņošana: Szabo libertāriešu uzskati un neuzticība trešajām pusēm finanšu sistēmās, ko viņš detalizēja savos rakstos, cieši sakrīt ar filozofiju, kas stāv aiz Bitcoin decentralizētās struktūras. Valodas analīze: 2014. gadā forensiskie lingvisti Aston universitātē secināja, ka Szabo rakstīšanas stils bija spēcīgs atbilstība Bitcoin baltajam papīram, stiprinot aizdomas. Citas valodas pētījumi ir devuši jauktus rezultātus, norādot, ka Satoshi varētu būt bijusi grupa. Noliegumi un pretpierādījumi: Szabo konsekventi ir noliedzis, ka būtu Satoshi Nakamoto. Turklāt, kad tika jautāts par Szabo, cits kriptogrāfs, kurš bija aizdomās turētais, Wei Dai, norādīja, ka Satoshi sākotnēji šķita neapzinās Szabo Bit Gold priekšlikumu, detaļa, kas šķiet maz ticama, ja viņi būtu viena un tā pati persona. Satoshi izteikums arī norādīja, ka viņš nebija advokāts, kamēr Szabo ir jurista grāds. Ietekme, ne izgudrojums: Lai arī viņš nav noteikti radītājs, Szabo ietekme ir neapstrīdama. Viņa iepriekšējais darbs digitālajās valūtās un viedajos līgumos izveidoja svarīgu pamatu, kas iedvesmoja Bitcoin dizainu. Vēlākā ziņojumā Satoshi pat atzina, ka Bitcoin bija "Wei Dai b-money priekšlikuma īstenošana Cypherpunks 1998. gadā un Nick Szabo Bitgold priekšlikuma".
Nick Szabo, datorspeciālists un kriptogrāfs, tiek plaši uzskatīts par iespējamu kandidātu Bitcoin radītāja, Satoshi Nakamoto, dēļ viņa pionieru darba pie "Bit Gold," Bitcoin priekšgājēja. Tomēr Szabo atkārtoti ir noliedzis, ka būtu Nakamoto, un nav pieejamu pārliecinošu pierādījumu.
Galvenie fakti par Nick Szabo saistību ar Bitcoin:
Bit Gold: 1998. gadā Szabo izstrādāja "Bit Gold," decentralizētu digitālo valūtu, kas ietvēra vairākus pamatprincipus, kas vēlāk tika atrasti Bitcoin, piemēram, darba pierādīšanas sistēmu digitālās retuma radīšanai. Viņš pat ievietoja lūgumu palīdzēt to kodēt 2008. gadā, tieši sešus mēnešus pirms Bitcoin baltā papīra publicēšanas.
Konceptuālā saskaņošana: Szabo libertāriešu uzskati un neuzticība trešajām pusēm finanšu sistēmās, ko viņš detalizēja savos rakstos, cieši sakrīt ar filozofiju, kas stāv aiz Bitcoin decentralizētās struktūras.
Valodas analīze: 2014. gadā forensiskie lingvisti Aston universitātē secināja, ka Szabo rakstīšanas stils bija spēcīgs atbilstība Bitcoin baltajam papīram, stiprinot aizdomas. Citas valodas pētījumi ir devuši jauktus rezultātus, norādot, ka Satoshi varētu būt bijusi grupa.
Noliegumi un pretpierādījumi: Szabo konsekventi ir noliedzis, ka būtu Satoshi Nakamoto. Turklāt, kad tika jautāts par Szabo, cits kriptogrāfs, kurš bija aizdomās turētais, Wei Dai, norādīja, ka Satoshi sākotnēji šķita neapzinās Szabo Bit Gold priekšlikumu, detaļa, kas šķiet maz ticama, ja viņi būtu viena un tā pati persona. Satoshi izteikums arī norādīja, ka viņš nebija advokāts, kamēr Szabo ir jurista grāds.
Ietekme, ne izgudrojums: Lai arī viņš nav noteikti radītājs, Szabo ietekme ir neapstrīdama. Viņa iepriekšējais darbs digitālajās valūtās un viedajos līgumos izveidoja svarīgu pamatu, kas iedvesmoja Bitcoin dizainu. Vēlākā ziņojumā Satoshi pat atzina, ka Bitcoin bija "Wei Dai b-money priekšlikuma īstenošana Cypherpunks 1998. gadā un Nick Szabo Bitgold priekšlikuma".
Skatīt oriģinālu
Bitcoīna raktuves Iekšējā Mongolijā šajā ziemā zaudēja peļņu. Dažas dienas neviens nevarēja saprast, kāpēc, līdz viņi devās pazemē. Tur simtiem klaiņojošu kaķu tika atrasti saritināti ap GPU, izmantojot tos kā sildītājus. Katrs kaķis bija ieguvis savu „gultu”, kas bija vērta miljoniem dolāru ieguves jaudas. Īpašnieks, kuru raksturoja kā kaķu mīļotāju, reaģēja, iegādājoties vairāk nekā 200 siltumspējas paklāju un izveidojot atsevišķu siltu istabu kaķiem, pēc kuras ieguves iekārtas atgriezās normālā stāvoklī.
Bitcoīna raktuves Iekšējā Mongolijā šajā ziemā zaudēja peļņu. Dažas dienas neviens nevarēja saprast, kāpēc, līdz viņi devās pazemē. Tur simtiem klaiņojošu kaķu tika atrasti saritināti ap GPU, izmantojot tos kā sildītājus. Katrs kaķis bija ieguvis savu „gultu”, kas bija vērta miljoniem dolāru ieguves jaudas. Īpašnieks, kuru raksturoja kā kaķu mīļotāju, reaģēja, iegādājoties vairāk nekā 200 siltumspējas paklāju un izveidojot atsevišķu siltu istabu kaķiem, pēc kuras ieguves iekārtas atgriezās normālā stāvoklī.
Tulkot
Top 20 coins performance over 90 days $ZEC
Top 20 coins performance over 90 days
$ZEC
🤭 $COTI
🤭
$COTI
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Satoshi Nakamoto neto vērtība samazinājās par 6,75 miljardiem ASV dolāru, jo bitcoin cena krīt. $BTC
Satoshi Nakamoto neto vērtība samazinājās par 6,75 miljardiem ASV dolāru, jo bitcoin cena krīt.
$BTC
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🚨JAUNUMS: Maikls Būrijs atkal ir atpakaļ no "Lielā īsā" likmēm pret $PLTR un $NVDA ar īsajām pozīcijām viņa jaunākajā 13F pieteikumā. Scion Capital tikko iegādājās pārdošanas opcijas uz 1M Nvidia akcijām un 5M Palantir akcijām. Atjauninājumi no Būrija 13F un $PFE $HAL $MOH $LULU ir viņa ilgtermiņa pozīcijas.
🚨JAUNUMS: Maikls Būrijs atkal ir atpakaļ no "Lielā īsā" likmēm pret $PLTR un $NVDA ar īsajām pozīcijām viņa jaunākajā 13F pieteikumā.

Scion Capital tikko iegādājās pārdošanas opcijas uz 1M Nvidia akcijām un 5M Palantir akcijām.

Atjauninājumi no Būrija 13F un $PFE $HAL $MOH $LULU ir viņa ilgtermiņa pozīcijas.
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Tulkot
Signal for bull market, to the moon🚀🚀🌕
Signal for bull market, to the moon🚀🚀🌕
Tulkot
😂😂 $BTC
😂😂
$BTC
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